Yes, go to the desktop and open Recycle Bin, and see if it's in there. If not, try using a program like File Recovery (bottom of this page:
http://www.softperfect.com/products/filerecovery/) to search your hard drive for deleted *.c files.
Note: If you need to use file recovery, take care not to write or download any files to the drive that contains the files that got deleted, or you may accidentally overwrite them. (Because windows doesn't actually eradicate files when you delete them; it just marks the space that the files occupied as 'free space' that can be used again)
For future data loss prevention, try getting a program like Dropbox (
https://www.dropbox.com/) and keeping your C files in there, so that they automatically get backed up all the time you are connected to the internet.